August 19, 2012—SnyderTalk Editorial: There is (and Can Be) Only One Messiah

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There is (and Can Be) Only One Messiah

As you think about Jeffrey’s estimates, remember that most of them require God’s direct intervention.  For instance, no one decides where to be born.  Neither can anyone choose the family into which he or she will be born.  Obviously, these decisions are Yahweh’s alone.  Therefore, we must conclude that the Messiah’s birth was a gift from God that no man could copy or manufacture under any set of circumstances.

To his credit, Jeffrey’s estimates are conservative in every instance.  For example, his 5th prophecy deals with the Messiah’s crucifixion.  Somewhere between 1010 B.C. and 970 B.C., King David prophesied that the Messiah would be crucified.  In Psalm 22: 16 he wrote,

“For dogs have surrounded me; a band of evildoers has encompassed me; they pierced my hands and my feet.”[i]

Crucifixion is a form of capital punishment that was invented by the Romans in the 1st century B.C.  In David’s day, stoning was the prescribed method for capital punishment so his prophecy that the Messiah would be crucified at least 800 years before crucifixion was invented is remarkable.  Jeffrey estimates the probability of this happening as 1 in 100, but I believe it is closer to zero.  David simply could not have foretold the Messiah’s crucifixion unless God explained it to him.

Many Jewish people believe Christians have misinterpreted the Hebrew word in Psalm 22: 16 that is translated as “pierced.”  The Hebrew word appearing in this verse is “ariy” (ar-ee’).  Its present-day meaning suggests violence, and it seems to involve a lion or a young lion.  Based on this fact Samuel Levine, author of You Take Jesus, I’ll Take God, has said,

“That verse of ‘they pierced my hands and feet,’ which seems to point to Jesus, is a mistranslation, according to all the classical Jewish scholars, who knew Hebrew perfectly.  In fact, the Christians have invented a new word in the process, which is still not in the Hebrew dictionary.”[ii]

Even though the contemporary definition of “ariy” seems to indicate something other than “piercing,” I believe Mr. Levine is mistaken, and this is why.  The Jewish authorized Greek Septuagint[iii] Tanach (the version of the Tanach I mentioned earlier that was translated by 70 rabbis in 285 B.C.—i.e., almost 285 years before Jesus’ birth) and Targums[iv] written at that time interpret “ariy” as “pierced” exactly the way Christians have translated the word.[v]  No one alive today has a better understanding of the Hebrew used in the Tanach than that group of rabbis, so I defer to them and rely on their translation of “ariy” to support my conclusion.

Furthermore, Zechariah 12: 10 refers to the “piercing” of the Messiah.  The Hebrew word translated as “pierced” in this verse is “daqar” (daw-kar’), and it means “to stab” or “to thrust through.”  This is what the Babylonian Talmud (Sukkah 52a) says about Zechariah 12: 10:

“What is the cause of the mourning?  It is well according to him who explains that the cause is the slaying of Messiah, the son of Joseph, since that well agrees with the Scriptural verse, ‘And they shall look upon me because they have thrust Him through, and they shall mourn for Him as one mourneth for his only son.’”[vi]

I will not go into much detail about this issue, but many Jewish sages[vii] and rabbis over the millennia have had difficulty with the notion that the Messiah Son of David had to suffer for His people.  They understood that the Bible describes a suffering Messiah, but they could not accept the fact that He was the Messiah referred to as the Son of David.  Therefore, they called Him by another name—the Messiah son of Joseph—even though the only Messiah referred to in the Bible by Name is the Messiah Son of David.

According to Raphael Patai, a Jewish Bible scholar,

“When the death of the Messiah became an established tenet in Talmudic times,[viii] this was felt to be irreconcilable with the belief in the Messiah as the Redeemer who would usher in the blissful millennium of the Messianic age.  The dilemma was solved by splitting the person of the Messiah in two: one of them, called Messiah ben Joseph…would fall victim….The other, Messiah ben David, will come after him…and will lead Israel to ultimate victory, the triumph, and the Messianic era of bliss.”[ix]

It is perfectly clear that all classical Jewish scholars do not agree with Mr. Levine, and neither do I.  Obviously, the 70 rabbis who translated the Greek Septuagint Tanach in 285 B.C. do not agree with him, and I would be foolish to accept his interpretation over theirs.  It is also perfectly clear from the weight of evidence and from the Word of God that there is (and can be) only One Messiah.  He is the Messiah Son of David; He is the suffering Messiah described in Isaiah 53; and He is the victorious King Messiah described throughout the Old Testament and the Tanach.

Now, take a look at Jeffrey’s 17th prophecy.  It deals with darkness covering the entire earth at the time of the Messiah’s death, and it is almost impossible to predict.  Amos 8: 9 says,

“‘It will come about in that day,’ declares Adonai Yahweh, ‘That I will make the sun go down at noon and make the earth dark in broad daylight.’”[x]

Amos was a sheep breeder from Tekoa, a town about 10 miles south of Jerusalem, and he wrote this prophecy in about 755 B.C.[xi]  He was not a scientist, and he did not possess sophisticated instruments to calculate the movements of heavenly bodies.  Furthermore, this event could not have been a total eclipse of the sun because an eclipse would not affect the entire earth all at once.  According to Jeffrey, two ancient historians, Thallus and Phlegon, confirmed that an unusual darkness did blot out the sun for 3 hours during Passover in the year the Messiah was crucified.[xii]

Jeffrey estimates the probability of Amos predicting this event more than 700 years before it happened as 1 in 1000.  In my opinion, it is almost zero for the same reason I stated before.  There is only one rational explanation for this event.  It was an act of Yahweh, and Amos was simply declaring it hundreds of years in advance.

This is an excerpt from His Name is Yahweh.  It explains why the Name of God, Yahweh, is so important.  It’s a book that you need to read and share.  It’s available in eBook format and in paperback.


[i] Psalm 22: 16.

[ii] Levine, Samuel.  You Take Jesus, I’ll Take God, Hamoroh Press, 1980, p. 34.

[iii] Brenton, Sir Lancelot C. L. The Septuagint with Apocrypha: Greek and English, 9th Printing, originally published by Samuel Bagster & Sons, Ltd., London, 1851.  This version published by Hendrickson Publishers,  2001.

[iv] A Targum is a Jewish commentary on the Old Testament, and it means translation.

[v] Eastman, Mark and Chuck Missler, The Search for Messiah, Fountain Valley: Joy Publishing, 1996, pp. 31-33.

[vi] Babylonian Talmud, Sukkah 52a.

[vii] A sage is a wise person.  The word does not suggest or imply rank, title, or position, although many people consider sages to be wiser and more perceptive than ordinary people.

[viii] “Talmudic times” refers to an era between the Babylonian captivity that began in 597 B.C. and about 400 A.D.  During Talmudic times, Jewish Sages wrote about virtually every area of life, religion, custom, folklore, and law.  Their writings in Hebrew and Aramaic contain approximately 2,500,000 words that are published as books called the Talmud, and they are studied today.   The Babylonian Talmud is the best known and most authoritative of all the Talmud writings.

[ix] Patai, Raphael.  The Messiah Texts, Wayne State University Press: Detroit, 1979, pp. 166-167.

[x] Amos 8: 9.

[xi] Ryrie, Charles.  Ryrie Study Bible Expanded Edition, Moody Press, Chicago, 1995, p. 1400.

[xii] Jeffrey, Grant. Jesus: The Great Debate, Frontier Research Publications, Inc.: Toronto, 1999, pp. 230-239.

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Ezekiel 16: 8-14

“Then I passed by you and saw you, and behold, you were at the time for love; so I spread My skirt over you and covered your nakedness. I also swore to you and entered into a covenant with you so that you became Mine,” declares Adonai Yahweh. “Then I bathed you with water, washed off your blood from you and anointed you with oil. I also clothed you with embroidered cloth and put sandals of porpoise skin on your feet; and I wrapped you with fine linen and covered you with silk. I adorned you with ornaments, put bracelets on your hands and a necklace around your neck. I also put a ring in your nostril, earrings in your ears and a beautiful crown on your head. Thus you were adorned with gold and silver, and your dress was of fine linen, silk and embroidered cloth. You ate fine flour, honey and oil; so you were exceedingly beautiful and advanced to royalty. Then your fame went forth among the nations on account of your beauty, for it was perfect because of My splendor which I bestowed on you,” declares Adonai Yahweh.

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His Name is Yahweh explains why the Name of God, Yahweh, is so important.  It’s available in eBook format and in paperback.

  • God also said to Moses, “Say to the Israelites, ‘Yahweh, the God of your fathers—the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob—has sent me to you.’ This [Yahweh] is my name forever, the name by which I am to be remembered from generation to generation.” (Exodus 3: 15)
  • “Therefore behold, I am going to make them know—this time I will make them know My power and My might; and they shall know that My name is Yahweh.” (Jeremiah 16: 21)
  • “Behold, the days are coming,” declares Yahweh, “when I will raise up for David a righteous Branch; and He will reign as king and act wisely and do justice and righteousness in the land.  In His days Judah will be saved, and Israel will dwell securely; and this is His name by which He will be called, ‘Yahweh our righteousness.’” (Jeremiah 23: 5-6)

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Hosea 4: 6

My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge.

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